Food processor gearing



A. STRAUSS ET AL ,438,465

I FOOD PROCESSOR GEARING March 23, 1948.

Original Filed Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 W3 1 n 2 15% mm 1'71 7 155 u 154 X." x )3: 1e7

' 15$ 1 I 59 3a i 4 450 #2 144 A 155 v 5-; *5 n5 Alfred Strauss Eric G. Fcltmcm i Melvxlle 1 1. Hunt Watson D. Harbaggh mvgm? BY Their- AttUl'fLD March 23, 1948- A. STRAUSS ET AL 2,438,465

FOOD PROCESSOR GEARING Original Filed Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. STRAUSS ET AL 2,438,465 FOOD PROCESSOR GEARING March 23, 1948.

Original Filed Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 B m 91mg gt r uss N YiC 6 man @m/ wzlimmzsgh o v INVENTORS 9- 0 w a) m 21 N 1 K, m N BY M A. STRAUSS ETAL March 23, 1948.

FOOD PROCESSOR (BEARING Original Filed Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 ThCfr At for n 93/ March 23, 1948. 'A. STRAUSS ET AL 777cc) Attornp DWM March 23, 1948- A. STRAUSS ET AL 2,438,465

FOOD PROCESSOR (BEARING Original Filed Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 Watson D. Harbaggh lNVl-INTOI Mar h 23, 1948- A. sTRAuss ET AL 2,438,465

FOOD faocassoa Gamma Original Filgd Jan. 8, 1940 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 N TORS Patented Mar. 23, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT orr ca FOOD PROCESSOR GEABING Original application January 8, 1940. Serial No.

The present invention relates to food processing devices and more particularly to food mixers, liqueflers and Juice extractors.

This application is a division of our Patent No. 2,278,187 for Food processor, reference to which is hereby made for a fuller understanding of the general construction of the food mixer, see also our Patent No. 2,372,862 for Power unit food processor which is another division of our Patent No. 2,278,187. 1

It has been the practice to build food processing devices of the class described with the motor casing and beater and beater drive assembly fashioned as a single unit. Although this has many advantages evidenced almost without exception, by the many mixers upon the market, the advantage of lifting the motor from the standard for mixing food at a point remote from the mixer base, entails the lifting and handling of a heavy article which is very tiresome. In the present invention only the weight of the gear housing is encountered for this purpose. The gear casing can be separated as a unit from the heavy motor parts and constitutes the only part that has to be lifted and handled for remote mixing.

-In accomplishing this, we prefer to provide a detachable flexible drive interconnecting the motor and the movable part. By providing the detachable drive, other tools, such as wood carvers, buffers, sliver polishers and grinding wheels may be substituted for the heaters upon the beater gear housing or be connected directly to the flexible drive without the housing and other types of food processing-units can be driven direct from the motor interchangeably with the housing and the flexible drive. In such instances supports may be provided for the tools or gear housing if they are to be stationary, and, if not, the

selected tools may be suitably conformed so that they can be easily handled in operation.

Moreover, with conventional processors, the food contents of the bowl are easily spilled or'are not confined to close cooperation with the rotary tools acting upon the contents in a container. A source of spilled contents arises where the bowl or the. contents are rotated indirectly through the reactance of the beaters and the inertness of the mixture. In one case the spinning bowl revolves more and more rapidly and the contents c'entrifugate up'and over the edge of the bowl. In another case. the spin of the bowl is enough to centrifugate the major portion of the food away from the rotary tools and lower their relative efficiency. Although these have Divided and this application Februan 19, 1942'. BerlalNo. 481,589

v 11 Claims.

, 2 been controlled in different ways, such as by imposing a drag upon the bowl, this retards the mixing eflectiveness in the first instance and often in controlling the second instance, chang-- 5 ing the angle of the sides of the bowl which reduces access to the bowl for introduction of ingredients. I

In some conventional constructions the bowl is moved manually upon the base in a way regulating the whirling of the bowl by lessening the degree of reactance of the propelled mixture against the bowl side but this requires the use of a hand when a housewife may need both hands for other tasks -nd has not been entirely satis-' is factory, movement of a turntable from one position to another for the purpose of utilizing bowls of different sizes being something else.

In the present invention, we provide a means for automatically reciprocating the heaters in a go bowl from oneside of the bowl to the other continuously through any adjusted distance at a slow rate, whereby the bowl will be rotated several turns in one direction and before it has a chance to attain a dangerous speed. move the zsbeaters near the other side for a brief period and cause the bowl to rotate in the opposite direction, in the meantime passing the heaters back and forth over the center of the bowl to remove any collection of unmixed ingredients so that generally collect at the center of large bowls outside of thesweep of revolving fixed beaters.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved transmission in which the beater shafts may be located or changed for manufac- 5 turing purposes through an arc of 90. 1., e.. they may be located square across the gear housing or they maybe slanted as much as 45either direction in diagonal positions.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide 40 an improved elongated gear housing and gearing therein where two or more power take-ofls are had in different directions with one or more power inputs also in differentdirections. 1

Another obiect of the invention is tofprovide gearing wherein areduction from a very high motor speedis accomplished quickly from the first shaft without worm gearing and the remainmetal. Another object is to provide an improved pivotally mounted gear housing wherein torsional and fiexure strains are borne in an improved manner by a tie member or spanner serving also as a handle.

Another object of the invention is to provide mg shafts may be iournalled directly in die cast ensues 'an improved drive connection which may be disengaged and engaged at will without any atten-q tionto pre-alignment, and with a wide tolerance for out of alignment conditions which might arise due to the manufacture of heterogeneously fitting parts and interchangeability.

Another object of the invention is to provide a powered food mixer having a low center ofgravity and agreater stability against being upset or knocked over.

Another object of the invention is to provide a food processing device which is simple and rugged in its constructiomefiicient in its purpose and use inexpensive to manufacture and easily operated and adjusted by persons inexperienced mechanically.

These being among the objects of thepresent invention, other and further objects will become apparent from the drawings, the description relating thereto and the appended claims. I

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an embodiment of the invention illustrating, partly in broken lines. two different positions the heaters may be dis- ,posed in when the embodiment illustrated is placed in use; 1

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the gear housing illustrating the preferred form of the invention including the means by which the gear housing is pivotally secured to the top of the power unit:

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken upon several planes through the overhanging portion of the gear housing as viewed from above;

Figs. 4 and 4a are vertical sections taken transversely through the gear housing upon the line 4-4 in Fig. 2, and showing the juicer in place I in driven relation;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the gear housing as taken upon the line 5-5 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section through a portion of the gear housing as taken upon the line 6-5 in Fig. 5;

mission or gear housing 34 carrying depending heaters 38 which extend down into the bowl 32 when the gear housing 34 is in its lowered position as indicated by the numeral 31, as distinguished from its raised position as indicated at 38 in broken lines. A handle for managing the gear,

housing is shown at 35. The words transmission housing and gear housing as-used herein and in the claims are interchangeably used generically to define a housing 34 receiving any form of power transmitting elements therein.

A male member I38 comprising a beveled element is swaged on the armature shaft I3 as at I 31 (Fig. 7a) to be driven thereby. The member I38 is provided with four radial faces I38 connected with tapering sides I40 running from the apex I4I of one radial face to the inner edge I42 01' the adjacent trailing face. It is through this member I38 that thepower oi the motor is transmitted to the gear housing 34.

a The member I35 drives a female member I43 carried by the gear casing 34 which mates with the member I36 with adequate radial clearances to allow for misalignment of the supporting shafts normally expected'to occur in the manufactur ing tolerances of the two parts. The radial faces uponthe teeth of the mal member face in the direction of rotation and the radial faces upon the female member face inthe opposite direction to be driven by the first.

Although any number, of faces may be provided, it is preferable to have four disposed at right angles to each other. In this way the universal action developed by an Oldham coupling is made available in a new and novel manner in food mixers. The faces mating between the members at all times permit free slippage radially without a binding that would interfere with the free movement required. Moreover, the contour of the teeth as provided is such that the male and female members may be separated and brought together with minimum interference in making the drive Joint. The taper of the bevel is so designed in relation to the radial dimensions of the face that they permit arcuate engagement and disengagement with immediate mating without interference between the members as they Figs. 7 and 7a are vertical longitudinal views through the gear housing and the top portion of thepower unit illustrating another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the front portion of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 7 taken mainly upon one horizontal plane with certain portions sectioned upon other horizontal planes;

Fig. 9 is a view illustrating another embodiment of the invention, namely, a vertical. section through the gear housing and included therewith a slightly reduced section through the motor unit showing how the gearing housing is mounted for tilting movement;

Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section of the gear housing illustrated in Fig. 9 as taken'upon lines III-I0 in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section through the gear housing illustrated in Fig.9 as taken upon the lines II-I I-therein;

Fig. 12 is a horizontal section taken upon lines I2--I 2 in Fig. 7.

In the present invention a food mixer is proare moved relative to each.

A cavity 51 in the top of the motor housing 33 isprovided with a block I44 disposed at the rear thereof flush with the top 56 where it is held in place by screws I45 threaded into the wall of the cavity at I45 (Fig. 7). This block provides an anchorage for an outwardly extending lip I41 provided upon a collar I48 whose axial cross sectional contour, in this embodiment; is

similar to that shown in Fig. 3. The radial contour of this element is flattened at the sides I50 (Fig. 12) to permit inclined downward and rearward insertions of the lip I41 under the block I 44 with minimum tilt.

At its front side the collar I48 is drilled out as at I5I where it receives a snap latch I52 reciprocally mounted in a radial bore I53 disposed in the front of the wall of the, cavit 51.

vThe latch comprises a reduced intermediate portion I54 over which 'an inwardly flanged sleeve I55 is slipped with an expansion spring I56 act between a flange I51 upon the sleeve and a shoulder I58 upon the latch to force the latch inwardly.

' The latch is controlled by a handle I59 swagd upon the outer end thereof'after the sleeve and spring are assembled. The sleeve fits tightly in the bore and thereby holds the latch in latching position when once assembledin place. In this way the collar is locked in place in the cavity 81. The inside contour of the collar I48 (Fig. 2)

1 comprises an inwardly extending flange I80 providing upper and lower bearing surfaces I8I and I82 respectively grooved as at I88 to receive lubricant.

These bearing surfaces support against axial displacement and tilting, a head I84'following the contour of the upper surface I8I and inner surface of the flange I80 with a retaining ring is secured to the upper surface of the head by means of a hinge I81 and an upwardly extending locating eyelet I88 supporting a spring I10 having a' snap portion ill for holding the gear casing down against all but willfully applied forces that shown as made of three parts, the main housing I80, 9. front nose member I8I having an integral rearwardiy extending portion providing a handle 82 which is secured at its rear end to the housing I80 by a screw I 88, and a cover plate I84 for the bottom of the main housing I80 which is secured in place by screws I88.

Although the gear housing 84, as an assembled unit, may be constructed in more than three parts. we prefer the construction shown wherein aminimum number of parts can be die cast, annealed to remove stress. and machined with little, if any, danger of misalignment in bearings and clearances. The parts provided are so constructed and arranged that only two pull-out dies need be used in the casting operation of the main frame I80 and only one pull-out die need be used with any of the otherparts.

are intended to raise the gear housing and pivot it about the hinge.

The head is provided with an arcuate slot I12 which receives a pin I18. The pin I18 is recip rocally mounted in the collar and urged by a spring I14 to an upper limit where the pin extends above the head. As best shown in Fig. 7a, when the gear housing is lowered against the upper end of the pin, the pin is driven downwardly. The lower end of the pin controls a normally open switch whose one pole I15 assists the spring I14 in urging the pin upwardly. The switch l18 is connected in the motor circuit to stop the motor whenever the switch is open.

With this construction, whenever the gear housing is raised. such as when it becomes desirable to remove the heaters from the bowl. the motor is stopped, preferably before the universal Joint I88 is broken. This prevents motors, such as the series wound motor, preferably used in the embodiment, from running without a load and stops the heaters. When the beaters are lowered again the universal Joint is engaged before the switch is closed. Thus. the motor never runs without some load, and, as a further advantage, the make andbreak switch prevents the food mixture. clinging to the heaters, from being thrown out over the edge of the bowl as the beaters leave the level of the liquid in the bowl when the beater housing is raised. This obviatesdangers conventionally experienced with mixers I which are not shut off when the housewife tilts the beaters to remove them from the bowl.

Referring now to the transmission, like numbers will be used to designate similar parts throughout the several embodiments as far as it is practical. In those instances where the parts are similar in functions or results but otherwise are only slightly different in construction. they will be identified by the samenumeral but distinguished with respect thereto by the use of prime marks.

Throughout the several views, the gear wheels have been shown with straight out teeth, for purposes of convenience, but in all instances we pre- Moreover, the gear housing 84 is designed so that the major portion of the machine operations thereon maybe performed in two planes and the material and openings are so distributed and formed that adequate-clearanceand head'room for the assembly and operation of the gears and shafting may be had to the best advantage.

Referring now to the main housing I80. as

though the top were the back and the bottom the front thereof, following the die casting terminoiogy, the back of the housing is provided with a depression I88 for the reception of the fingers of a person's hand in manipulatin the handle I82. Both'the handle I82 and the holds-"- ing I80 are recessed and conformed at the end thereof and held by the screw I88 along the line of juncture I81 to provide a flush Joint having a smooth outer contour which fits in with the streamlining of the housing as designed to provide a pleasing appearance.

Viewed from the front, the casting is somewhat cup-shaped with transverse partitions therein of different heights connecting the sides, and with upstanding studs between the sides to the right of the center of the housing, as viewed in Fig. 2.

The margins of the cup-shaped portions in the housing are recessed to receive the edges of the cover plate I84 and the top butt plate I88 of the hinge I81. The rearmost I80 of the studs is I bored, as at I8I. to receive a bearing sleeve I82 fer to use curve cut teeth, such as helical teeth,

forv the sake of quietness, and in all cases where it is possible to provide a fiberor composition gear meshing with a metal gear.

The preferred embodiment Of the transmission housing and gearing is shown in Figs. 2 to 6. Referring'now to Fig. 2, a gear housing 84 is that Journals the shaft I88 carrying the female member I48 of the universal Joint. The bearing I82 is press fitted into the bore I8I and the overall length of the stud I is such as to accommodate a pinion gear I84 between the ends of the bearing and the female member I48.

The pinion gear I84 comprises helical gears 188 upon the upper side thereof and a reduced cylindrical portion I88 at the lower end thereof divided from the teeth I85 by a radial flange I81 having a squared shoulder I88 on the bottom thereof. The upper end of the female member I48 is secured to the shaft by the set screw I88 and is squared to provide a shoulder 200 opposing the shoulder I88 in a manner providing a groove therebetween in which a grease seal or packing ring MI is located.

- In cooperation with the grease packing ring and the shoulders I88 and 200, the cover plate I84 is die cast to provide a cylindrical portion 202 holding the grease ring MI in place. A shoulder 208 through the cooperation of the packing ring supports the shaft I88 and the parts assembled thereto against inadvertent 'removal from the housing.

The helical teeth I88 have only a slight angle,

either right or left, depending upon the direction of rotation of the armature and the angle is turned to provide an end-thrust which will carry the weight of the shaft I33 under normal operating conditions. When the gear housing is lowered the weight of the shaft I33 and assembled parts is borne also, in some measure, by the male member I30 which inturn is supported against thrust loads at the bottom of the armature shaft by the ball 04 With this arrangement there is enough freedom of movement longitudinally between the shafts to permit to them their best cooperation without .vibration and binding, and, in view of the fact that the shaft I93 is operated at full armature Speed. in some instances, as high as 18,000 revolutions per minute, we provide a recess at the top of the bore I 3| with an oil wick 204 which is supplied with-light oil through an oil passageway 205.

Spaced from the stud I30 is a second stud 206 into which is press fitted a sleeve 201 and a rigid shaft 208. The shaft 208 has a reduced portion for the press fit and a shoulder 2| 0 a which limits the depth to which the shaft may be forced into place. The exposed surface of the shaft 2 provides an axle which is machined to receive a gear wheel 2I2 rotatably thereon and the wheel is held in place by a cap screw 2| 3 threaded into the end of the axle. The wheel comprises a beveled gear 2 having a hub 2I5 upon which the helical gear 2I2 is press fitted to mate with the drive shaft I33.

For purposes of lubricating these parts and also for purposes of strengthening the cover plate I34, the plate is die cast with a transverse channel 2I3 in which lubricant maycoliect and be picked up between the lower end of the hub 2l5 and the head of the cap screw 2I3, the head of the cap screw resting against the bottom of the channel and the bottom of the channel resting I against the collar I64. on top of. the motor housgear I05 upon the ing. This construction and arrangement not only provides a means for lubricating the gear 2 but also provides a direct and solid support point for the weight of the housing overhanging the bowl 32.

Upon its left side, as viewed in Fi 2, the stud is fastened, as at 2, to provide clearance and head room for a beveled gear 2l8 driven by the beveled gear 2I4. The mounting of the gear 2I8 is accomplished by securing it to the rear end of a horizontal shaft 220 inserted from the left end of the housing, the shaft 220 extending through three cuts after having been inserted through a fourth.

For a better understanding how these cuts are made, it would be well to refer now to the left end of the housing I80, where it will be seen from Figs. 2, 3 and 4 that in front of the partitions 223, two vertically spaced horizontal chambers 225 and 223 are made by a die withdrawn from the front of the housing to leave athick horizontally disposed shelf member 221 therebetween. The rear boundary -01 these chambers and also the rear wall of the shelf 221 are determined by a vertically withdrawn die which leaves the chamber 228 opening upon the front end of the cover plate I04. Upon op-;

posite sides of the shelf 221, namely, above and below it the .other cross members 223 are provided, as best seen in Fig. 4, parallel to the shaft and integral with the main housing.

The nose Ill. broadly'speaking may be said with the nose removed, the journals for theshaft 220 are provided by a drill and ream'er operation which cuts through the support 221 to provide a bore 23l therein, which, after the shaft 220 is inserted, receives the reduced shaft portion 232 of the power take-oh head 23 upon' which is supported a larger gear 234.

The bore 23I is first drilled with a step feed operation clearing the chamber 223, after which the journals 2 2I and 222 are drilled in rapid succession. If desired, the journal 23I may be enlarged by reaming or burnishing to a diameter slightly larger than the bores HI and 222 so that the shaft 220 may he slipped very easily into place.

It will be noted that the shaft 220' is journaled directly in the die cast metal in the pre-' ferred embodiment. This arrangement is made possible because the maximum shaft speed at this point in the gear reduction is within'the safe speed for shafting' Journaled in die cast metal. Moreover, the shaft is comparatively short and the area of the bearings comparatively large. In this way by providing a large speed reduction up to the shaft 220, the gear housing has power transmitted to its forward position by means of a construction which is simple to machine and install.

The shaft 220 carries, upon its front end, a beveled gear portion 235 tapering toward the front, and a heavy helical gear 236 upon the rear portion thereof, an Allen screw being indicated at 231 for locking the gear on the shaft.

In mounting the gear 235 in position upon the shaft, the gear 235 is inserted first into chamber 223 in axial alinement with the bore 23I, after which the shaft 220 is inserted therethrough and moved rearwardly into the gear 2I8 over the last portion of its movement, after which the gears M3 and 235 are locked in place. Suitable oil holes 238 are provided to assist in lubricating the shaft 220.

The other shafts are joumaled in the partition 223 and the shelf 221 to comprise a heavy gear into bores 2 42-and 243 machined, respectively,

in the partition 223 and in an upstanding car 244 upon the shelf. In event the shaft 24I is press fitted into place, it journals upon its mid portion a reduction gear wheel 245 driven from the teeth 236, upon the gear 235.

The gear 245 carries spur gearing 243 which in turn drives a large gear 241 mounted upon a shaft 248. The shaft 243 extends beyond oppo- 7 site sides of the shelf 221 and partition 223 and is iournaled therein below and to one side of the shaft 24I where it carries, upon its front end, a

spur gear 250 engaging the gear 234 upon the power shaft. At the rear end of the shaft, a worm 25I is mounted to drive a worm wheel 252 journaled upon a headed stud 253 threaded into a lug 254 and disposed behind the partition 223.

The gear 234 is press fitted upon the head portion 233 of the power shaft, as already 'men-' tioned, and is grooved as at 255 upon the front facethereof to receive a fiber grease seal mma manner mating with a corresponding groove 251 upon the rear face of the removable nose I3I a tongue and groove relation.

so that grease in the gear chambers will not seep into the power take-off socket. In assemblage the power take-off shaft and gear 284 are the last to be inserted before the nose i8! is inserted in place, after which the! nose l8l is secured by recessed bolts 288 threaded into the shelf 221 as at 218, the nose being held in lateral registry by as indicated at 28I (see Fig. The gearing upon the gear wheel 284 is beveled in a direction to create a slight end thrust forwardly upon the gear wheel 284 in a manner compressing the fiber'washer 288.

Returning now to the worm drive 281 on the shaft 248, the worm driven wheel 282 has secured to the bottom thereof a bracket 282 provided with a horizontal portion 288. The horizontal portion has a longitudinal groove 284 therein, thesides ofxwhich engage the squared reduced portion 288 ofa bolt 288 which in turn extends downwardly therethrough to receive a clamp nut 281 thereon at its lower end. A shoulder 288 upon the clamp nut supports the forward end of an. oscillating am 218 above it upon a reduced Journal portion 21L A washer 212 ccoperates with the shoulder 288 to hold the ends of the arm 218 in position and the reduced portion 21i is axially wider than the thickness of the arm 218 so that manipulation of the nut 281 at no timeinterferes with the Journaled relationship between the arm and the reduced portion 21 I. With this construction, the bolt serves as a pivot point for the arm 218 and may be adjusted and secured at any position along the slot 284.

' The bolt 288 is located, at one end oi the slot where it is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel 282 that supports the bracket. In this position the gear housing is held stationary during operation. 1

The rear end-213 ofthe arm 218 is apertured as at 214 to fit over a stud 218 riveted to the collar I48 where the stud 218 extends upwardly through an arcuate slot 218 in the bearing ring I84. This provides a fixed thrust point for the rear end 218 of the arm 218.

Thus, as the nut 281 is adjusted in the slot 284 to a position off-center the wheel 282, the gear housing will be caused to oscillate on the bearing ring I84 with an amplitude that can be set and changed through adjusting the relative position of the stud 218 in relation to the location of the bolt 288 as respects the axis of the shafts 288.

With regard to the rapidity of the oscillation,

. we prefer and have so provided a speed approxia minute. With this speed and construction, the beaters are disposed mating {ten oscillations proximate the side of the bowl in one position long enough to move the bowl. on the turntable and thereafter the beaters are accelerated past the center of the bowl toward the opposite side for a dwell of sufficient duration to start the by the load upon the beveled gear 288 is balanced upon both sides of the Journal 22 l More particularly the housing 84 is drilled vertically from the bottom thereof along an axis intersecting the'bore ofthe Journal 28i. This operation provides a vertical bore 888 in the lower cross member 228 a similar bore 88l in the shaft and a bore 882 in the upper cross member Two stud shafts 888' and 884are press fitted into the bores 882 and 888, respectively, from the outside and terminate in the bore 88l' with sufficient clearance to permit the shaft 282 of the power gear 284 to rotate in its Journal 28l between them. The stud shafts 888 and 884 carry. in the compartments 228 and 228, gears 888 which rotate in opposite directions upon the stud shafts 888 and 884. The two gears 888 are identical, each having a beveled gear portion 881 driven from the beveledgear 288- and are provided with helical gear teeth 888 which drive the shafts supporting the beater elements through gears 8l8 mounted upon the beater driving shafts.

8 Referring particularly to Fig. 2, the beater shafts areindicated by the numeral 8 and as shownsectionally in Fig, 4 are provided at the ing spring 8l4 secured. in the slot by deforming upper end with a slot 8l8 which receives a latchthe body portion of the beater shaft near the lower end of the shaft as at 8l8 to hold the spring in place. e

The upper end. of" the spring is curved outwardly as at 8l8 to provide a latching portion extending outwardly beyond the contour of the shaft 8! Ito engage in any one of the four notches 811 provided in the upper end of the beater supporting shaft 8l8 by cross kerfs out therein.- These structural characteristics are also shown in Figure 18.

struction is shown whereby the fruit Juicer is mounted and driven with respect to one of the beater shafts. g I,

In Fig. 4 the shaft 818 is shorter to receive the shaft'24l over the top thereof for purposes of compact assembly.

The shaft 8l8. which is the longer of the two shafts, extends up into the compartment 228 where it receives one of the gears 8l8 which is in mesh with the gear 888 mounted upon the study bowl rotating in the opposite direction.- The timing is such that the bowl will become stationary while the beaters are passing over the center thereof. The beaters thereby never oppose the mix in the bowl but work with it to a better advantage than heretofore accomplished where spindles of conventional constructions have a tendency to centrifugate the liquid outwardly over the sides.

The heaters are driven from the beveled gear 288 by a transmission arrangement readily adaptable to permit structural changes whereby the beaters may be located in a plane transverse to the transmission housing as shown in-the preferred embodiment in Fig. 4, and, in the manner whereshaft 888. The other of the gears 8 I 8 is mounted upon the shaft 8l8 where the shaft passes through the compartment 228. The other of the gears 8l8 is in mesh with the gear 888 mounted upon the lower stud 884. In both mountings. the hubs 828 of the gear 8l8 are designed to clear the beveled gearing 881 upon the gears 888. In this manner a very compact assembly is provided for the gear and shaft units involved in the beater drive mechanism,

The shafts 8l8 and 8l8 may be located in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft 228 as shown in Fig. 3.,or they may be located in a plane disposed at an angle to the shaft 228, it being appreciated that the casting and drilling of the stud and bores for the shafts 8l8 and 8l8 may be ro- 11 it is desirable to oscillate the beater elements in the bowl through coinciding arcs or through concentric arcs geometrically spaced from each. other so that one beater passes to one side of the center 4 of the bowl while the other beater passes over the aesaeee 12 terdigitation is determined before, the v Allen screws on the gears 3I0 are tightened. The shafts for the power take-oil! drive are next installed with the respective gears thereon and,

center of the bowl as the transmission is oscillated back and forth above the bowl.

In the particular embodiment shown in Figs. 2,

3 and 4, it has already been mentioned that theshafts 3 and 3I3' lie in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft 220. In disposing these shafts in this position, bosses "I are cast in the body portion ofthe transmission housing upon the lower side thereof and are drilled at 322 to receive bronze bearing sleeves 323 therein which are burnished to size. Openings 322 are internally threaded as at 324 to receive gland nuts 32! which Fig. 4 the assembly of the parts is the same ex .cept the shaft on. and. the 'shaft :21 in the hold the shafts'-3l3 and 3I3' in position with a grease gland packing 323 disposed between the lower end of the bearings 323 and the top portion of the gland nuts 325.

Before describing the assembly of these parts, reference may be juicer is driven coaxially from one of the beater shafts. In this instance. both beater shafts 3I8 and 3I8' are of the same length, both terminating flush with the bottom 223. In this embodiment, the upper of the two gears 3I0 is mounted upon a third shaft 321 as by a rotary lock slip engagement 328 such as a key lock. The'lower end of the shaft 321 is hollowed as at 330 to receive and provide head room for the upper end of the beater shaft 3| I. Radially spaced prongs 33I extend downwardly and are provided thereon to engageln two of the keri' slots 3" in driven relationship therewith. The

upper end of the shaft 321 is drilled out as at 332 to receive the lower end of the reamer shaft 333. Axially located slots 334 are provided upon the upper end of the Juicer shaft 321 to receive'the pressed radial flanges 335 carried by the reamer shaft 333. The slot and flange relationship. just described, provides a drive relationship between the juicer shaft 321 and the reamer shaft 333. and also supports the reamer shaft against pressures borne thereby when citrous fruits are pressed against the reamer 335 mounted upon the upper end of the reamer shaft 333.

Where the Juicer shaft 321 extends through the handle portion 335, a boss 336 is provided and has cast therein a. cylindrical bore 331 tapered slightly to receive in supporting relationship the lower end of a tubular supporting me her 338 upon which the juicer bowl 340 is mounted and held in place as by a clamping nut assembly 3 securing the hub 342 of the bowl 340 against a metal washer member 343 mounted upon the upper portion of the sleeve 333.

The assembly and timing of the transmission is very simply had by first locating the stud shafts 303 and 304 in place with the respective gears 3| 0 thereon. The shaft 220 is inserted next through the journal 23I with the gear 231 slipped in place as the shaft 220 moves through the compartment 223. This locates the beveled gear 235 between the beveled gears 301 and links these gears in fixed relationship so'that subsequent installations of the beater shafts may be made with complete assurance of proper interdigitation of the beater elements at all times.

Depending upon a matter of convenience, the beater sleeves 323 may be slipped in place at any time. The shafts 3I3 and 3I3' are next installed with the gears 3I0 located thereon as described. At this time the stepping of the inmade to Fig. 4 wherein the fruit wall ofthe compartment juicer drive are the last to be inserted. In fact, they are inserted in place after the handle has been secured in place. At the time the mesh of the upper gears 3I0 is determined, a tool is slipped upwardly from the bottom to hold the gear 3I0 in place. After the handle is secured in place, the shaft 321 isislippeddownwardly until the kerf on the end thereof mates-with the -."keyway 323. it being understood'that a hexagonal mating relationship may be provided if desired so long as identifying means are present to locate the lugs 33I in their proper place. The relationship between the gear 3l0 and the shaft 321 is one of a tight fit which can be broken only by a punch inserted where the locating tool was employed.

After the gear 3l 0 is so positioned, the shaft 3I8' may be inserted in ce and the gland nut pla tightened to hold it in place. a I

From. the description thus far it will be seen that a simple and efllcient gearing arrangement is provided which can be easily assembled and dismantled when occasion requires. the gearing arrangement is flexible enough to take care of .a large number of food mixer contingencies in event it becomes .desirable to rearrange the food beaters in different models if the food mixer is going to be used or designed for any special applications.

Referring now to Figs. '1 and 8, a construction is shown wherein the transmission is set to work in either one of two fixed positions without oscillation.

Referring now to Fig. 12. the supporting collar I48 is anintegral construction designed to support the transmission without oscillation at either one of two points. In this construction the supporting collar I43 at the rear thereof is provided with an arcuate groove 3" longer than the lug I44, while at the front two latch openings I 5| are provided to locate'the collar relative to the latch I52 at sitions.

In the position shown in Fig. 12 the collar I48 is being supported in a position that locates the beaters at the side of the bowl. In the other position the beaters are located at the center of the bowl, the distance between the latch openings I5I being angularly such that a'large bowl of a given size is accommodated.

Whenever it is desirable to attach the transmission to the motor, the shoulder I41 is inserted under the lug I 44 and the front end lowered in place to dispose the beaters either in the center or at the side of the bowl. If the latch does not snap home immediately a slight oscillament with'respect to the bowl the spring support I10 has already been described as being se- Moreover,

either one of two po-' through the top 3 cured to the collar by eyelet I88. The spring I is preferably formed with an arc of a greater radius than the distance between the lower part thereof and the pintle of the hinge I81. At a predetermined point, a shoulder 312 is provided on the spring I10 to engage with the shoulder 313 upon the base plate to hold (Fig. 1) the Bear housing in raised position with the heaters as shown at 38 when the housing has been pivoted upwardly above the'hlnge I81. A reverse bend 314 at the upper end of the spring has a downwardly facing shoulder 318 thereon which engages with the shoulder 318 upon the base plate to prevent too wide a pivotal movement of the transmission.

The transmission isshown raised in Fig. 12 where also a means is shown as provided for releasing the latch in those constructions where the shoulder 312 upon the spring I10 is not fashioned to be releasable automatically under a downward pressure upon the transmission. This construction comprises a lever 380 pivoted to the base plate at 38I to press against the front end of the spring I10 when the transmission is in raised position. The top of the lever 380 extends wall of the transmission where it receives a head 382 below the handle at a place where it can be easily moved by hand to release the spring whenever it is desirable to lower the transmission. In this way a very simple construction is provided for quickly raising and lowering the heaters with regard to the bowl.

The location of the head 382 is where it can be reached and pressed by the little finger of a hand taking hold of the handle to move the transmission downwardly. Moreover, the particular construction illustrated is one well adapted for automatic support for the transmission where certain users or types of users may require either hand or automatic to the exclusion of the other.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 10 and 11,. an embodiment is shown oscillated relative to the motor housing yet is otherwise rigidly secured relative thereto with regard to raising and lowering the beaters in the bowl. In this embodiment the motor and transmission pivot about a horizontal axis proximate the plane of the base. In this particular embodiment also the power take-off shaft 232' is shown driven by a worm reduction from one of 'the beater shafts, a construction possible with the transmission shown because of the unique structural characteristic, that the beater shaft can be located in any plane with respect to the axis of the shaft 220".

In this particular embodiment therotatable co'llar I84 is secured by the screws 382 holding the retaining ring I88, the collar I84, the base plate I84 and the housing together as an integral unit. This construction permits the transmission to oscillate relative to the motor and in providing this a worm 383 is mounted upon the shaft 220" to drive a worm wheel 384 iournaled upon a headed bearing lug 388 pres-s fitted into a bore 388. The worm wheel 384 carries a slotted yoke 282' and the corresponding partsare here indicated by corresponding numerals.

In this particular instance, however, the thrust arm 210' is located inside the base plate I84. withan opening 381 accommodating the adjusting nut 281 and having upturned edges 388 therein to retain the grease inside the compartment. A slide plate 380 is mounted upon the stud 288 to slide back and forth over the upturned edges 388 so that foreign matter will be kept out wherein the transmission may be.

' is mounted in a housing of the transmission as well as grease kept in the transmission.

Referring now to the manner in which the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 is raised and lowered with respect to the bowl. an automatically releasable spring 408, somewhat similar to the spring I10, is mounted upon the base 30. In this instance, however, the spring 408 is bent inwardly arcuately with regard to the pivotal axis 408 rather than outwardly so that when excess pressure is brought to bear against the transmission to lower it the spring buckles to tilt the retaining shoulder 312' in a direction releasing the motor casing and permitting the boaters to be lowered into the mix.

In this construction, the bolts II are received in the spider and the switch stopping the motor 408 uponthe base 30 with push rod 408 employed to close the contacts'only when the rim 4 I 0 of the spider is lowered in place.

Referring to the worm driven power take-off shaft 332', the left hand'beater shaft 3,II', as viewed in Fig. 10, is disposed farther forward than the right hand beater, shaft enough for the worm 8 upon the power take-off shaft to clear the beveled gears 301'. I

In providing the construction shown, the beater shafts carrying the heaters are the same length and have the gears 3I0, which drive them, located at the same point upon them except that the gears have their hubs extending in opposite directions, namely. one up and one down. The beveled gear 238 upon the shaft 220' drives two identical gear members 301' rotatably upon a single stationary stud shaft 4 I 1. In this instance. however, the identical gear members have the beveled tooth portion 308' inside the gear instead of outside thereof and the beveled portion is of a size small enough to clear the driving gear 234'.

The beater shafts are driven from the two beveled gears 3I0' and below the gear upon the left beater shaft 3II' a worm H8 is secured to the beater shaft in driving engagement with the worm wheel 4I8 upon the power take-off shaft. Although the power loss is much greater with worm gearing than with spur beveled gearing, this particular construction lends itself to driving light power attachments. In fact, this particular construction is well adapted for use with mixers sold with few if any power attachments to be used therewith. The speed of the shaft 220" is very low and the gear housing is provided in one single compartment accessible from the front. In assembly, the gear*238' is.inserted and locked on the shaft 220" before the shaft 220" is slipped into place and the single stud shaft is next, inserted with the the beveled gear 238'. After this the beater shafts are assembled in predetermined relation- I .ship to interdigitate the heaters the nose of the handle portion. The power takeoff shaft is iournaled in the nose portion of the 'handle where it is fitted over theend thereof.

invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various uses, modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

driven gears located in mesh with ready to receive pivotally mounting the housing spect to the motor ing about a gearsfor rotating the identical gears directions to drive the first mentioned gears in Whatisclaimedis:

food mixer including a motor casing, a universal Joint element carried upon a'shaft Journaled with respect to the casing agear housing for rotatably supporting a driven shaft, means detachably and upon the casing for movement with respect thereto about the axis of said universal Joint element to permit horizontal movement of the driven shaft during driving-operation thereof, a second universal joint element carried by the housing and mating with theflrst universal joint element in disengageable drive relationship, and a handle on the gear housing for manipulating .and removing the gear housing from the casing. g

2. A motor driven beater construction including a motor having a vertically disposed axis of rotation, a motor casing, a power transmission elea driving shaft Journaled with respect tothe casing, a gear housing removably secured to the-motor casing for location in any one of a plurality casing, a second transmission element carried by the gear housing for engaging the first named elementin disengageable driven relationship; structed and arranged as to driven-shaft element for rotation about an axis spaced from and parallel to the motor axis.

7 element eng ing the first in mated driving relationship when the housing is in working position upon the motor, means carried by the motor for pivotally moving the houshorizontal axis, vertically disposed beater rods mounted in the transmission housing common gear in meshed driving relationship with the rods for maintaining the rods in stepped relationship. 1

4. A food mixer comprising a motor, a pair of spaced shafts disposed vertically for rotation in the opposite directions, a vertical shaft driven by the motor and spaced equal distances from the axis for driving said shafts through the first mentioned gears, means in mesh with said pair of in. opposite stepped relationship, and means for moving the housing and beater shafts about a horizontal axis.

of difl'erent' positions with re-' carry rotatabiy a the operation of the v the movement of the l prime mover. in relation to work tool in and out of said working position.

'I. In a food mixer, a gear casing having a plucasing.

8. In a food mixer, a casing having a motor therein, a housing,

casing for movement between a horizontal position and an upwardly inclined position, and releasable means for holding said transmission 4 housing in said upwardly inclined position. 10. In a food mixer, a casing having a therein, a housing, a driven shaft for receiving a food processing toclin shaft, mounting the work from the motor, and .means responsive to the Number weight of the transmission means in one position 1,791,161 for controlling operation of the-motor. 1,898,945 ALFRED STRAUSS. 1,944,245 ERIC G. FELTMAN. 5 1,946,540 MELVILLE M. HUNT. 1,958,605 WATSON D. HARBAUGH. 1,985,604 2,061,868 REFERENCES CITED 2,074,30 The following references are of record-in the 10 file of this patent. 2,113,916 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,131,290 Number Name Date ,27 1,618,650 (idlelnist'.v Feb. 22, 1927 35 2,312,125

18 Name Data Deckert Feb 9 1931 Fitzgerald Feb. 21. 1933 K'rau'se Jan. 23, 1934 Nielsen Feb. 13. 1934 Barber May 15. 1934 Fitzgerald Dec. 25. 1934 Fitzgerald Nov. 24. 1936 smith Mar. 23 1937 Ames July 13 1937 Began Dec. 28. 1937 Goldblatt et a1. Apr. 12, 1938 Koehner Sept. 27, 1938 Btre et a1. Mar. 31, 1942 Setterlunol Feb. 23, 1943 

